编者按：
本文作者是一位生存在加拿大新不伦瑞克省的外国人，正在学习中文。作为典范的加拿大当地人，他很惊奇本身的一位朋侪担心中国移民大量涌入本地。于是开始向身边的差别人相识各人对新移民的见解与发起。不少人都以为华人新移民必要更加积极的融入加拿大社会，同时也要降服新情况带来的职业停滞。
“请进”我对我的朋侪说。他比我年长，大概60多岁。我叫他迈克尔，以取代他的真实姓名。他在King’s Landing 工作，那是位于加拿大东海岸新布伦瑞克省（NB省）的一个重修汗青定居点。那是个漂亮、古老的地方，随处都是花圃、苹果树，古老的修建和有数百年汗青的文物。人们穿着百年前欧洲先人的服饰——他们是北美真正的第一批欧洲大陆移民。迈克尔是我们家许多年的朋侪，我们常常在一起共度周末。照我们家的传统，我和老婆会为来访的客人做晚餐。我和老婆爱做中国菜。我前天做了一道汤，那是我们做过的最好喝的汤，迈克尔也以为不错，然后我和迈克尔坐下谈天。
我是自由职业的消息撰稿人，有本身的写作业务。迈克尔问我写作业务希望环境时，我告诉他，我在给一个中文博客撰稿，雇我的人正在做新布伦瑞克省和多伦多的市场观察，目标是在弗雷德里克顿创建一家企业。迈克尔好像对此感到不安，我问他为什么，他说“ 假如他们（中国人）开始在这里定居，那就不会停。” 这让我感到非常惊奇。作为新不伦瑞克省的人，我和“波兰人”、“美国人”、“中国人” 、“印度人” 一起长大。在新布伦瑞克省毕竟有20个照旧2万个中国人，我不以为对我有任何影响。我无力的争辩说我们必要中国的资金促进经济发展，但这好像没什么作用，我缺乏究竟依据。
思量到汗青，大概这种对外来者入侵的恐惊对加拿大人来说是自然的恐惊。自16世纪以来，我们不停在殖民北美，代替土著文明，重塑国家以符合我们本身的想法和社会习俗，所导致的效果只能用“种族灭尽”来形容。大概由于我们对原住民的文明做了如许的事，以是无法担当本身有同样的运气？
我从没想过新移民会对原住民怀有敌意，更没想过我的社区会对新移民怀有敌意。但是实际不就是云云？我的朋侪，我恭敬他个人和他的意见，但他居然有对于外来生齿入侵的恐惊。由此我想到一个题目：在新不伦瑞克省毕竟有多少人像我一样对待移民这个题目，多少人像我朋侪一样？我开始探求答案。
我在创业中央工作，那是一个公共办公空间，弗雷德里克顿的贸易人士聚集在这里工作。在同一栋楼里是一个小型办公室，致力于资助新移民开办企业。在这里，每个人并肩工作，没有任何私见。我在这里结识了许多来自新布伦瑞克省当地、巴基斯坦、印度和中国的朋侪。当我开始扣问有关中国移民的题目时，我留意到多数新布伦瑞克省的人对这个题目有些告急。大多数人都对中国人搬到这里持积极态度。我的同事Ray谋划着一家数据公司，当我告诉他我的一个朋侪以为“ 一旦他们（中国人）开始来到这里，他们就不会制止。” Ray狐疑的答复说：“他们不是已经来了吗？” 只管大部门人不肯意表达意见，但我没再遇到像我朋侪迈克尔一样的私见。
为了网络更多的观点，我采访了弗雷德里克顿的生齿增长专家Nausheen Ali。“我会告诉你一些关于加拿大当局为什么约请移民的配景。” 她在办公室说。“出生率难以补充殒命率……究竟上，2015年的数据表明，殒命人数凌驾了出生人数，以是为了确保全省的正常运转，确保经济正常运转，这里必要人。”我认识Nausheen的这种说法。我从许多人那边听说过，这里没有充足的年轻人留在本省以接受待出售的贸易。
这种对移民的支持是加拿大多数人怀有敌意的缘故原由。用Nausheen的话说：“他们以为移民接受了他们的紧张资源，当局支持移民而不是本地人……以是他们固然会变得敌对。”
这种敌意可以明白但毫无根据。新不伦瑞克必要新的技能工人已经成为根本知识。自迈克尔坐在我的餐桌旁喝着汤，表达他对中国人的担心，已经已往了两个月。当我开始工作时，我听到了广播电台与新布伦瑞克省多元文化委员会主席Moncef Lakouas的采访，他指出移民是我们保持经济活力的最大盼望。他说，为了弥补新布伦瑞克省职员流失造成的劳动力短缺，我们每年必要约莫7500名新移民。固然这看起来好像并不多，但请记着，新省的生齿稀疏，终极选择在这里定居的生齿更少。
“每年有约莫250万人申请来加拿大，我们评论的是高技能工人。如今，新布伦瑞克省能得到大概4000人，我们的留存率约为70％，”Lakouas说。但移民，无论是门生照旧贩子，都为我们的国家带来了投资，而且 ，荣幸的是， 大多数新布伦瑞克人好像都明确这一点。
假如你来到新不伦瑞克省，你大概不会立即感受到任何敌意，但它就在那，而且很玄妙。几个月前，我去到一家阛阓的电脑贩卖部。一个自行车骑车手穿着印有摩托车俱乐部徽章的皮夹克站在展示电脑前。一个阛阓的员工试图向这个自行车手倾销电脑。根据这个伙计的口音，我断定他是个“中国人”。这位中国伙计的英文还说得已往，但他显然在费力表明这几种差别型号电脑之间的差别。这个场景引起了我的留意，由于好像有什么地方不对劲。这个骑车人的言语傲慢，他对待中国伙计语言的态度就像对待一个小孩。
颠末观察，我以为骑车人根本不想买电脑，他只是在向一个移民寻衅。对谁人伙计来说，他的英文水平有限，加上他对外国文化含糊的明白使他完全没办法为本身语言，因此他只能简朴的展示他的电脑，并极为耐烦的忍受对方的不恭敬。
我在一边观察，但想不出办法参与。我气愤的脱离了那家店。厥后我想，实在其时大概我可以装作感爱好，而且一起来听谁人伙计对于电脑的解说。“对不起” 我可以说 “我也想相识一下这些电脑”。至少那样可以让谁人骑车人有所收敛，没准儿他就会走了。
这种举动并不常见。但作为新布伦瑞克省人，白人男性新省人，我对于移民是否常常碰到鄙视险些完全没概念。Vikram，一个在开辟为老年人提供服务的手机应用步伐的印度人，他说他没碰到过鄙视。Nausheen也没碰到过。
自迈克尔表达他的仇外感情以来，已经已往了好几星期。我想知道我生存的地方是否仍大要上对外地人友爱。固然新不伦瑞克省被以为是友爱的地方，但我看到了美国种族主义气力的聚集，以是我担心我的故乡。然后我碰到了一位密斯，她的故事给了我所必要的视角。
露露来自青岛。她2010年来到新省，她的丈夫，一名电气工程师很荣幸的找到了大学的工作时机，与着名传授Liuchen Chang一起工作——这意味着他的丈夫在工作中不必要用英语。三年后，合约到期，露露和她的丈夫搬到了温哥华。在那边露露开始学习英语同时兼职做美容师。这并不轻易。她必要照顾两个孩子而她的丈夫在100公里外的Chilliwack工作。她全职学习英语，周末工作，天天晚上继承学习进步英语程度。当她的英文程度到达要求，她就去修读了美容课程——在加拿大一所学校（温哥华社区学院）拿到了认证文凭。固然今后她的环境有所改善，但温哥华跟新省完全差别。
据露露说，在温哥华，“人们对中国人并不太友爱。比方，没人帮你推着门。” 固然对上海或北京人来说这广泛缺乏和睦的感觉还可以忍受，但遗憾的是事变没有就此止步。“我永久不会忘记那天。我们在麦当劳，我试着为孩子们点餐，谁人菜单很长，我试着点单，女伙计站在我眼前让我根本看不到菜单。我对她说对不起我必要看看菜单”。女伙计并不剖析继承挡着她，导致露露没办法点餐。旁边的客人看不下去问女伙计为什么挡着，导致她大发雷霆说了句“愚笨的中国人”。露露说“这让我很伤心。我跟丈夫探讨后决定在2016年搬回新省。”
当我问露露是否新省更好时，她绝不夷由的说“ 这里的人们会为你开着门，即便相互不熟悉也会打招呼，感觉很不一样。在这里你以为本身被恭敬，在温哥华没有。” 她还回想起她对弗雷德里克顿的第一印象 。“其时我们刚移民到加拿大，我们在这没有朋侪。我们租了个公寓，我们没有家具，什么都没有。第二天一早，我打开门，门口放着一个大盒子内里有奇怪的面包，一大碗土豆泥和肉，他们写了一张卡片：接待来到我们的社区。”
如今露露在弗雷德里克顿市中央拥有本身的水疗中央。那是一个美国特许谋划连锁品牌，她在前业主退休的时间接办的。现在为止，她的买卖很好，她的客人都很喜好过来光顾她的买卖。
作为一个新省人，听到这个故事是种摆脱。这个天下随处都是仇外的社区和社会，他们以为“假如别人跟我们不一样，那么我们就不接待。”我不停以为我的故乡是个和睦的保护所，而且我可以说，它简直是的。
我在撰写本文时，与很多新省人攀谈的过程中，相识到了一些人提出了发起。Levi Lawrence，我曾经的老板，一个贸易顾问发起说：“给新移民的一个发起，尤其是韩国和中国移民，最紧张的一件事就是融入加拿大社区。假如你来到这里只是到场华人社区，那你就不会学习语言或文化，也不会创建接洽，交友朋侪。
一个越南人，Kinh Huynh，他在弗雷德里克顿拥有一家UPS店，他说“我必须跟全部人交换，只是越南社区还不敷。”
对于筹划移民加拿大的人别的一条非常紧张的发起是，你已往的履历未必被加拿大担当。这并不是说你不能把它们写在简历上，但对于专业的就业市场来说，必要相干职业证书才气进入。这对新移民来说是个巨大的停滞，在申请移民时许多人没有关注到这种停滞。
Moncef Lakouas的家庭碰到了雷同的题目。“我的老婆是麻醉师，她在新省已经居住了一年，但她不停无法执业。她被告知必须重新开始。我熟悉的许多人都面对着如许的停滞”。究竟上，我为这篇文章采访过的每一位新移民都碰到了雷同的题目。来自越南的Helen拥有管帐证书，但未经重新认证就无法在加拿大执业。同样实用于来自巴基斯坦的Nausheen，其人力资源证书未被担当（她很荣幸能找到一份不依靠她证书的工作）。纵然是在中国练习有素的美容师露露也不得不在温哥华学习相干课程，然后才气在本身的范畴工作，并终极开创本身的奇迹。 Lakouas说：“作为一个社区，我们必须可以或许共同积极办理这个题目。”
这条发起，凌驾了以上全部发起，是最紧张的。假如你有中国的职业证书，很有大概在加拿大是没用的。但因人而异，以是我有来由信赖这些限定将会发生改变。与此同时，新移民也必要接纳创造性的方式工作。Kinh Huynh曾是越南的顶级贸易主管，他买了一家UPS市肆，由于他不想从底层开始，做体力劳动。露露，当她刚来加拿大时，做过一段时间厨师助理。
Lakouas 也有相似的履历：“我在农场工作过，我也洗过盘子。这没什么，这是生存的一部门，它能锻炼你。但是新移民必须满怀盼望，就像其他新省人一样信赖将来会更好……假如他们有本领和猛烈愿望为该省作出贡献，作为社区我们可以提供相应的空间让他们发展。”
来加拿大的任何一个社区都实在都是一个挑衅。你常常必要从零开始，而且险些都有对外来移民的私见。然而在新不伦瑞克省，这里暖和好客，社会私见相对较少。固然我不能代表整个加拿大，但我可以肯定的说，在新布伦瑞克省，大概在东海岸的任何地方，只管有不和睦的少少数，但你仍旧会受到接待和恭敬。
英文版：
“Come in,” I say, and my friend obliges. He is older than me, well into his 60s. I’ll call him Michael: an alias to preserve his anonymity. He works at King’s Landing, an historical re-creation of an English settlement in 纽宾省 on Canada’s east coast. It’s a beautiful, ancient place, full of gardens, apple trees, buildings and artifacts hundreds of years old, full of people dressed in the clothing of our European ancestors, the first true immigrants to North America. Michael, a long-time friend of my family, comes to visit us on many weekends. As is our tradition, my wife, Terri, and I feed him supper when he comes to visit. 我和我的老婆爱做中国饭. I had made a miso soup the day before, one of the best miso soups I have ever made, and settling down to the table for a conversation, Michael accepts the soup gratefully.
I own a writing business where I do freelance work businesses and some journalism. When Michael asks how the writing business is going, I said I was writing for a Chinese blog (必都), and that the man employing me was conducting market research in 纽宾省 and in Toronto with the goal of starting a business here in Fredericton. My friend seemed troubled by this, and when I asked why, he said “If they (中国人) start settling here, they’ll never stop.” That surprised me. As 纽宾省人, I’ve grown up with 波兰人， 美国人，中国人，印度人. Whether there are 20 or 20,000 中国人 in New Brunswick, never made any difference to me. I made some feeble arguments about needing Chinese revenue for economic growth, but could produce no heroic response. I did not have the facts.
Maybe a fear of invasion is natural fear for 加拿大人, considering our history. Since the 1500s, we have been colonizing North America, displacing the indigenous civilizations and reshaping the country to conform to our own ideas and social practices, resulting in what can only be described as genocide. If we did this to the other civilizations living here in North America, might we not expect that the same could happen to us?
I’ve never thought of newcomers as hostile toward my people. I’ve never thought of my community as hostile to newcomers, either. But is it? This friend of mine, a friend that I respect and whose opinion I value, he has this fear of invasion. Therefore, now I have a question: how many people in 纽宾省 think like me, and how many people think like my friend? I began to search for an answer.
I work at an entrepreneurial hub. It’s an office space where business people from Fredericton get together and work on projects. In the same building is a smaller office devoted to helping immigrants start businesses. Here, everyone works side-by-side, and there is no prejudice. I have made friends from 纽宾省, Pakistan, India, and many from China. When I begin asking questions about Chinese immigration I notice that 纽宾省人are mostly nervous to talk about it. Most people are vaguely positive about the idea of Chinese people moving to 纽宾省. My co-worker, Ray, who runs a data business, was puzzled when I told him that someone I knew said “Once they start coming here, they won’t stop,” and responded “aren’t they coming here already?” In spite of a general reluctance to speak, I wasn’t encountering the same prejudice that I discovered in my friend, Michael.
To gain perspective, I interviewed Nausheen Ali, a population growth specialist in Fredericton. “I will give you a little background about why the government of canada invites immigrants,” she said in her office. “The birthrate is not high enough to cover the loss of lives... In fact, the 2015 numbers showed that the number of deaths are more than the number of births, so of course to make the province work, to make the economic machinery work, they need people here.”
I’m familiar with Nausheen’s line of reasoning. I’ve heard from many people in this business community that there aren’t enough young people staying in our province to take over for business owners who are selling their businesses. This support to immigrants is part of the reason why many in Canada feel hostile. In Nausheen’s words: “They think the immigrants come and take over the resources that are meant for them, and that the government supports the immigrants but not the locals... So of course they get hostile.”
This hostility is understandable, but unfounded. New Brunswick needs new skilled workers, and now it’s becoming common knowledge. It’s been about 2 months now since Michael, sitting at my table eating miso soup, expressed his worries about Chinese. As I pull into work, I hear an interview on the radio with the president of the 纽宾省 Multicultural council, Moncef Lakouas, who points to immigration as our best hope to keep our economy alive. He said that to fill the gap left behind by 纽宾省人 leaving the workforce, we need about 7500 newcomers per year. While that may not seem like much, remember that 纽宾省 is sparsely populated, and far less people are settling here than that.
“There are about 2.5 million people applying to come to Canada every single year, and we’re talking about high-skilled workers. Now, 纽宾省 is getting about 4000 people and our retention rate is about 70%,” says Lakouas. But immigrants, whether they are students or business people, bring investment to our country, and – fortunately – most 纽宾省人seem to understand that.
If you come to 纽宾省, you probably won’t see any hostility right away, but it’s there, and it’s subtle. Months ago, I was at a department store where they sell computers. There was a biker wearing a leather jacket emblazoned with a motorcycle club insignia standing at a display of laptop computers. There was an employee trying to advise the biker on computers. By his accent, I concluded he was Chinese. The Chinese man’s English was passable, but he was struggling to explain the differences between each model of computer. The scene caught my eye because it seemed like there was something wrong. I noticed the biker’s voice was full of condescension. He spoke to the Chinese clerk as though he were speaking to a child.
After observing for some time, I concluded that the biker was only looking at laptop computers because he wanted to antagonize an immigrant. For that clerk, so limited in his English, and at the ambiguous mercies of a foreign culture, there was nothing he could do to stand up for himself, so he simply showed the biker the computers, one at a time, and patiently endured the man’s disrespect.
I watched, but I couldn’t think of a way to approach the situation. I left the store angry. It wasn’t until later that I thought perhaps I could have feigned an interest of my own and joined the biker in listening to the clerk explain each model. “Excuse me,” I could have said, “I’d like to hear about these computers, too.” And at least then, it would have made the biker more self-conscious. He may have gone away.
I don’t see this behaviour often. Hardly ever. But as a 纽宾省人, a white male 纽宾省人, I have almost no idea of how often immigrants encounter prejudice. Vikram, an Indian who is developing an iphone app that provides services to senior citizens, says he has not encountered prejudice. Neither has Nausheen.
Many weeks have passed since Michael expressed his xenophobia. And I still wonder if I’m living in a place that is generally friendly to outsiders. Though 纽宾省 is considered friendly, I see racism gathering force in 美国, and I wonder about my home. Then I met a woman whose story gave me the perspective that I needed.
Lulu is from 青岛. She came to 纽宾省 in 2010, and her husband, an electrical engineer was lucky enough to find a job with the University working with award-winning professor, Liuchen Chang: a job for which her husband needed no English. 3 years later, when the contract ended, Lulu and her husband moved to Vancouver, and there she studied English while working part time as an esthetician. It was not easy. She took care of two children while her husband worked in Chilliwack during the week, 100 km away. She studied English all day, and worked on the weekends, and steadfastly improved her language at nights. Once her level of English had improved, she was able to take an esthetician course, and re-certify herself with a Canadian school (Vancouver Community College). Though her situation was improving, Vancouver was not at all like 纽宾省.
In Vancouver, according to Lulu, “people aren’t really nice to Chinese. For example, no one will hold the door for you.” Though a general lack of friendliness might be a tolerable burden for someone from Beijing or Shanghai, sadly it didn’t stop there. “I never forgot the day. We were in McDonalds. I tried to order food for my kids. There is a big menu. I tried to order, the lady tending the cash stood in front of me so I couldn’t see. I said ‘excuse me I’m trying to see that,’” The cashier paid no attention to Lulu, but instead continued to stand in the way so that Lulu could not see the menu to order. Some other patrons at a nearby table spoke up, asking the cashier why she was standing in the way, and she got angry, making some remark about “Stupid Chinese” “This broke my heart,” said Lulu “I talked to my husband and we decided to move back to 纽宾省 in 2016.”
When I ask Lulu about whether it is better in 纽宾省, she does not hesitate. “People here will hold the door. They say hi even though you don’t know each other. Quite different. You feel you’re being respected. In Vancouver, no.” She also recalls her first impression of Fredericton. “When we first immigrated to Canada, we don’t have any friends here. We leased an apartment. We don’t have furniture, we don’t have anything. The second day, in the morning, we opened the door, and there was a big box has fresh bread, a big bowl of mashed potato with meat, and they wrote a card that says ‘welcome to our community.’”
Lulu now owns her own spa in downtown Fredericton. It’s an American-owned franchise that she took over when the former owner retired. So far, business is great, and her customers are very happy to be doing business with her.
As 一个纽宾省人, hearing this is a relief. The world is full of communities and societies who are xenophobic, who have the opinion that “if they are not like us, then we don’t want them.” I’ve always thought of my home as a friendly sanctuary, and from what I can tell, it is.
While speaking to the many 纽宾省人that it took to write this article, some offered advice. Levi Lawrence, a business advisor who used to be my boss in a local kitchen says “One thing that we’re telling newcomers, especially people from Korea, people from China is that they need to reach out to the Canadian community. If you come here and you’re only involved in the Chinese community, then you’re not learning the language or culture, you’re not making connections, making friends.”
One Vietnamese man, Kinh Huynh, who now owns a UPS store in Fredericton observed “I have to talk to everyone. The Vietnamese community is not enough.”
Another piece of advice that is very important for people planning to immigrate to Canada is to keep in mind that your credentials may not be accepted here in Canada. This doesn’t mean you can’t put them on a résumé, but for professions where certifications are required for entry into the job market, this is a significant barrier for newcomers, and one that is often not mentioned when people apply to immigrate to Canada.
Moncef Lakouas had this problem within his own family. “My wife is an anesthesiologist and she’s been living in 纽宾省 for about a year and she is not able to practice. She was told that she has to start from the beginning. A lot of people that I talk to are a facing the same gap...” Indeed every newcomer that I have interviewed for this article has faced the same problem. Helen from Vietnam, has an accounting certificate, but cannot practice in Canada without re-certifying. The same goes for Nausheen from Pakistan whose HR credentials were not accepted (she was lucky enough to find a job that did not depend on her credentials). Even Lulu, who was a trained Esthetician in China, had to take a course in Vancouver before she could pursue work in her field and finally open her own business. Lakouas says “We have to, as a community, be able to work together to be able to tackle that.”
This advice, above all else, seems to be the most important. If you have a certification in China, it’s probably no good in Canada. But we personnel. So there is some reason to think that this restriction will change. In the meantime it has required newcomers to take a creative approach. Kinh Huynh worked as a top business executive in Vietnam. He bought a UPS store because he didn’t want to start from the bottom, doing menial labour. And Lulu, when she first arrived, while her husband worked at the university. spent her evenings as a Chef’s assistant.
Lakouas has had this experience also: “I’ve worked at farms myself, and I’ve washed dishes. That’s okay, that’s part of life and it forges the person that you become. But ... newcomers have to have hope just like any other 纽宾省人that the future could be brighter… that if they have the competencies and the burning desire to contribute to the province that as a community that we are allowing them to do so...”
Coming to any community in Canada is a challenge. You frequently have to start from zero, and there is prejudice toward outsiders almost everywhere. However, in 纽宾省, social prejudices relatively few compared to the warmth and hospitality you can find here. I can’t speak for all of 加拿大，but I can say for certain that in 纽宾省, or really anywhere along the East Coast, in spite of an unfriendly minority, you will be welcomed and treated with respect.
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