摘要:求关注我们一起看外刊 学英语 懂中国Hello，欢迎来到英语外刊看中国第13期，我是张有福，下面请看新闻Obesity not defined by weight,says new Canada guideline最新加拿大指南：肥胖不是由体重来定义的Obesity shou ... ...
求关注 我们一起看外刊 学英语 懂中国
Hello，欢迎来到英语外刊看中国第13期，我是张有福，下面请看新闻
Obesity not defined by weight,says new Canada guideline
最新加拿大指南：肥胖不是由体重来定义的
Obesity should be defined by a person's health - not just their weight, says a new Canadian clinical guideline.
加拿大一项新的临床指南说，肥胖应该由一个人的健康来定义，而不仅仅是体重。
obesity ：
英[əʊˈbiːsɪti] more than average fatness (n.）肥胖症；肥胖
It also advises doctors to go beyond simply recommending diet and exercise.
它还建议医生不要仅仅推荐节食和运动。
Instead, they should focus on the root causes of weight gain and take a holistic approach to health.
相反，医生们应该关注体重增加的根本原因，并采取全面的健康的方法。
root causes：
英[ruːt] [ˈkɔːzɪz] an initiating cause of a causal chain 根本原因
holistic：
英[həˈlɪstɪk] emphasizing the organic or functional relation between parts and the whole (adj.)整体的；全盘的；整体性的
The guideline, which was published in the Canadian Medical Association Journal on Tuesday, specifically admonished weight-related stigma against patients in the health system.
该指南于周二发表在《加拿大医学协会期刊》（Canadian Medical Association Journal）上，特别告诫了健康系统中与体重相关的耻辱。
admonish：
英[ədˈmɒnɪʃ] warn strongly; put on guard (vt.)告诫；劝告；警告；责备
stigma：
英 [ˈstɪɡmə] a symbol of disgrace or infamy (n.)耻辱；特征
"The dominant cultural narrative regarding obesity fuels assumptions about personal irresponsibility and lack of willpower and casts blame and shame upon people living with obesity," the guideline, which is intended to be used by primary care physicians in diagnosing and treating obesity in their daily practice, states.
英ˈ[dɒmɪnənt] be larger in number,quantity,power,status or importance (adj.）显性的；占优势的；统治的
narrative：
英[ˈnærətɪv] presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program (n.)叙事；讲述
willpower：
英[ˈwɪlpaʊə(r)] the trait of resolutely controlling your own behavior (n.)意志力；毅力
cast：
英[kɑːst] put or send forth (vt.)投；计算；浇铸；投射/(vi.)投，抛垂钓鱼钩；计算
Ximena Ramos-Salas, the director of research and policy at Obesity Canada and one of the guideline's authors, said research shows many doctors discriminate against obese patients, and that can lead to worse health outcomes irrespective of their weight.
英[dɪˈskrɪmɪneɪt] treat differently on the basis of sex or race (vt.)歧视；区别；辨别
"Weight bias is not just about believing the wrong thing about obesity," she told the BBC. "Weight bias actually has an effect on the behaviour of healthcare practitioners."
她对BBC说：“体重偏见不仅仅是认为肥胖是坏事。”体重偏见实际上对医疗从业者的行为产生了影响。”
bias：
英[ˈbaɪəs] a partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation (n.)偏见；偏爱；斜纹
practitioner：
英[prækˈtɪʃənə(r)] someone who practices a learned profession (n.)从业者； 执业医生
The rate of obesity has tripled over the past three decades in Canada, and now about one in four Canadians is obese according to Statistics Canada.
加拿大的肥胖率在过去三十年里翻了三倍，根据加拿大统计局的数据，现在大约四分之一的加拿大人是肥胖的。
The guideline had not been updated since 2006. The new version was funded by Obesity Canada, the Canadian Association of Bariatric Physicians and Surgeons and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research through a Strategy for Patient-Oriented Research grant.
Although the latest advice still recommends using diagnostic criteria like the body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference, it acknowledges their clinical limitations and says doctors should focus more on how weight impacts a person's health.
英[kraɪˈtɪəriən] a basis for comparison/ the ideal in terms of which something can be judged (n.)标准；条件 复数形式:criteria
index:
英[ˈɪndeks] a numerical scale used to compare variables with one another or with reference number (n.)指数；索引；指针
circumference：
英[səˈkʌmfərəns] the size of something as given by the distance around it (n.)周长；圆周；胸围
Small reductions in weight, of about 3-5%, can lead to health improvements and an obese person's "best weight" might not be their "ideal weight" according to BMI, the guideline says.
"People living with obesity need support like people living with any other chronic disease."
“肥胖患者和其他慢性病患者一样需要支持。”
But instead of simply advising patients to "eat less, move more", the guideline encourages doctors to provide supports along the lines of psychological therapy, medication and bariatric surgery like gastric-bypass surgery.
The guideline doesn't completely do away with standard weight-loss advice.
该指南并没有完全废除标准的减肥建议。
"All individuals, regardless of body size or composition, would benefit from adopting a healthy, well-balanced eating pattern and engaging in regular physical activity," it says.
However, it notes that keeping the weight off is often difficult because the brain will compensate by feeling more hungry, thus encouraging people to eat more.
然而，指南指出，保持体重减轻往往是困难的，因为大脑会通过更多饥饿感来补偿，从而鼓励人们多吃。
compensate: 英[ˈkɒmpenseɪt] make amends for (vi.)补偿；抵消/(vt.)补偿；付报酬
Many studies have shown that most people who lose weight on a diet gain it back.
许多研究表明，大多数通过节食减肥的人体重会反弹。
"Diets don't work," Ms Ramos-Salas says.
拉莫斯·萨拉斯女士说：“节食是行不通的。”
Physicians should also ask permission before discussing a patient's weight, and work with them to focus on health goals that matter to them, instead of just telling them to cut calories.
